Meds Retatrutide

Full citations

Retatrutide references — the published literature.

Every study cited in this digest, with DOI and PubMed links.

How to use this list

Each numbered reference below corresponds to an inline citation ([1], [2], etc.) used across this site. Citations are drawn from retatrutide's Phase 1 and Phase 2 clinical trials, structural biology, systematic reviews, ongoing Phase 3 trial registrations, and mechanistic reviews. All references link to PubMed, PMC, or official journal pages. Retatrutide research page covers the key findings in detail.

  1. Jastreboff AM, et al. Triple-Hormone-Receptor Agonist Retatrutide for Obesity — A Phase 2 Trial. N Engl J Med. 2023;389(6):514-526. ↗
  2. Rosenstock J, et al. Retatrutide, a GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist, for people with type 2 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo and active-controlled, parallel-group, phase 2 trial. Lancet. 2023;402(10401):529-544. ↗
  3. Li W, Zhou Q, Cong Z, Yuan Q, Li W, Zhao F, Xu HE, Zhao LH, Yang D, Wang MW. Structural insights into the triple agonism at GLP-1R, GIPR and GCGR manifested by retatrutide. Cell Discovery. 2024;10:77. ↗
  4. Urva S, Coskun T, Loh MT, Du Y, Thomas MK, Gurbuz S, Haupt A, Benson CT, Hernandez-Illas M, D'Alessio DA, Milicevic Z. LY3437943, a novel triple GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptor agonist in people with type 2 diabetes: a phase 1b, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, multiple-ascending dose trial. Lancet. 2022;400:1869-1881. ↗
  5. Sanyal AJ, Kaplan LM, Frias JP, Brouwers B, Wu Q, Thomas MK, Harris C, Schloot NC, Du Y, Mather KJ, Haupt A, Hartman ML. Triple hormone receptor agonist retatrutide for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a randomized phase 2a trial. Nature Medicine. 2024;30:2037-2048. ↗
  6. Katsi V, Koutsopoulos G, Fragoulis C, Dimitriadis K, Tsioufis K. Retatrutide-A Game Changer in Obesity Pharmacotherapy. Biomolecules. 2025;15:796. ↗
  7. et al. The Effect of Retatrutide on Kidney Parameters in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes or Overweight/Obesity. Kidney Int Rep. 2025. ↗
  8. et al. Efficacy and safety of retatrutide, a novel GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptor agonist: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2025. ↗
  9. Kusminski CM, et al. Transforming obesity: The advancement of multi-receptor drugs. Cell. 2024;187(15):3829-3853. ↗
  10. Naeem M, et al. Unleashing the power of retatrutide: A possible triumph over obesity and overweight: A correspondence. Health Science Reports. 2024;7(2):e1864. ↗
  11. Neff GW, et al. Shared mechanistic pathways of glucagon signalling: Unlocking its potential for treating obesity, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, and other cardio-kidney-metabolic conditions. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism. 2025;27(12):6869-6883. ↗
  12. Pillai AA, et al. Triple Hormone Receptor Agonism: The Role of Retatrutide in Addressing Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review. Cardiology in Review. 2026. ↗
  13. et al. Weight Regain After GLP-1-Based Therapy Discontinuation: Failure, Physiology, and the Path Forward. Cureus. 2026. ↗
  14. Basile C, et al. Effect of incretin-based therapies on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. 2026. ↗
  15. Lu X, et al. Glucagon-like peptide-1 and dual/triple receptor agonists in the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: advances in mechanistic research. Frontiers in Medicine. 2026. ↗